Juniperus pinchotii (Pinchot juniper or Redberry juniper; syn. Juniperus erythrocarpa Cory, Juniperus texensis van Melle) is a species of juniper native to southwestern North America, in Mexico: Nuevo León and Coahuila, and in the United States: southeast New Mexico, central Texas, and western Oklahoma.
It grows at 600-2,100 m altitude.
Description
Juniperus pinchotii is an evergreen coniferous shrub or small tree growing to 1-6 m tall, usually multistemmed, and with a dense, rounded crown. The bark is pale gray, exfoliating in thin longitudinal strips, exposing orange brown underneath. The ultimate shoots are 1.1-1.8 mm thick. The leaves are scale-like, 1-2 mm long and 0.5-1.5 mm broad on small shoots, up to 12 mm long on vigorous shoots; they are arranged in alternating whorls of three or opposite pairs. The juvenile leaves, produced on young seedlings only, are needle-like.
The cones are berry-like, with soft resinous flesh, subglobose to ovoid, 5-8 mm (rarely 10 mm) long, orange-red, often with a pale pink waxy bloom, and contain one or two seeds; they are mature in about 12 months from pollination. The male cones are 3-4 mm long, and shed their pollen in fall. It is usually dioecious, with male and female cones on separate plants, but occasional monoecious plants can be found.
Hybrids
Hybrids with
Juniperus coahuilensis are known.They have also occasionally been reported with
Juniperus monosperma, but never verified; all claimed hybrids tested have proven not to be. These two are unable to hybridize in nature, being isolated by pollination time (fall in
Juniperus pinchotii, late winter in
Juniperus monosperma).
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